PHP, MySQL, & JavaScript All-in-One For Dummies

Title Page....3 Copyright Page....4 Table of Contents....7 Introduction....19 About This Book....19 Foolish Assumptions....20 Icons Used in This Book....21 Beyond the Book....21 Where to Go from Here....21 Part 1 Getting Started with Web Programming....23 Chapter 1 Examining the Pieces of Web Programming....25 Creating a Simple Web Page....25 Kicking things off with the World Wide Web....26 Making sense of markup languages....27 Retrieving HTML documents....28 Styling....32 Creating a Dynamic Web Page....35 Client-side programming....37 Server-side programming....39 Combining client-side and server-side programming....42 Storing Content....43 Chapter 2 Using a Web Server....45 Recognizing What’s Required....45 The web server....46 The PHP server....47 The database server....48 Considering Your Server Options....49 Using a web-hosting company....50 Building your own server environment....51 Using premade servers....55 Tweaking the Servers....59 Customizing the Apache Server....59 Customizing the MySQL server....62 Customizing the PHP server....64 Chapter 3 Building a Development Environment....69 Knowing Which Tools to Avoid....69 Graphical desktop tools....70 Web-hosting sites....70 Word processors....71 Working with the Right Tools....71 Text editors....71 Program editors....79 Integrated development environments....82 Browser debuggers....85 Part 2 HTML5 and CSS3....89 Chapter 1 The Basics of HTML5....91 Diving into Document Structure....91 Elements, tags, and attributes....91 Document type....93 Page definition....94 Page sections....96 Looking at the Basic HTML5 Elements....99 Headings....99 Text groupings....100 Breaks....102 Marking Your Text....103 Formatting text....103 Using hypertext....104 Working with Characters....108 Character sets....108 Special characters....109 Making a List (And Checking It Twice)....110 Unordered lists....110 Ordered lists....111 Description lists....113 Building Tables....114 Defining a table....114 Defining the table’s rows and columns....115 Defining the table headings....117 Chapter 2 The Basics of CSS3....121 Understanding Styles....121 Defining the rules of CSS3....122 Applying style rules....128 Cascading style rules....129 Styling Text....130 Setting the font....130 Playing with color....134 Working with the Box Model....137 Styling Tables....139 Table borders....140 Table data....141 Positioning Elements....143 Putting elements in a specific place....146 Floating elements....148 Chapter 3 HTML5 Forms....153 Understanding HTML5 Forms....153 Defining a form....154 Working with form fields....155 Using Input Fields....156 Text boxes....156 Password entry....158 Check boxes....159 Radio buttons....160 Hidden fields....161 File upload....162 Buttons....163 Adding a Text Area....164 Using Drop-Down Lists....165 Enhancing HTML5 Forms....167 Data lists....167 Additional input fields....168 Using HTML5 Data Validation....172 Holding your place....172 Making certain data required....173 Validating data types....173 Chapter 4 Advanced CSS3....175 Rounding Your Corners....175 Using Border Images....177 Looking at the CSS3 Colors....180 Playing with Color Gradients....182 Linear gradients....182 Radial gradients....183 Adding Shadows....184 Text shadows....184 Box shadows....185 Creating Fonts....186 Focusing on font files....187 Working with web fonts....187 Handling Media Queries....189 Using the @media command....189 Dealing with CSS3 media queries....190 Applying multiple style sheets....193 Chapter 5 HTML5 and Multimedia....195 Working with Images....195 Placing images....196 Styling images....197 Linking images....199 Working with image maps....200 Using HTML5 image additions....201 Playing Audio....203 Embedded audio....203 Digital audio formats....204 Audio the HTML5 way....206 Watching Videos....208 Paying attention to video quality....208 Looking at digital video formats....209 Putting videos in your web page....210 Getting Help from Streamers....212 Part 3 JavaScript....213 Chapter 1 Introducing JavaScript....215 Knowing Why You Should Use JavaScript....215 Changing web page content....216 Changing web page styles....216 Seeing Where to Put Your JavaScript Code....217 Embedding JavaScript....217 Using external JavaScript files....221 The Basics of JavaScript....221 Working with data....222 Data types....223 Arrays of data....224 Operators....225 Controlling Program Flow....227 Conditional statements....227 Loops....234 Working with Functions....238 Creating a function....239 Using a function....240 Chapter 2 Advanced JavaScript Coding....241 Understanding the Document Object Model....241 The Document Object Model tree....242 JavaScript and the Document Object Model....244 Finding Your Elements....251 Getting to the point....251 Walking the tree....253 Working with Document Object Model Form Data....256 Text boxes....256 Text areas....257 Check boxes....258 Radio buttons....259 Chapter 3 Using jQuery....261 Loading the jQuery Library....262 Option 1: Downloading the library file to your server....263 Option 2: Using a content delivery network....264 Using jQuery Functions....264 Finding Elements....265 Replacing Data....268 Working with text....268 Working with HTML....270 Working with attributes....271 Working with form values....271 Changing Styles....272 Playing with properties....272 Using CSS objects....274 Using CSS classes....275 Changing the Document Object Model....277 Adding a node....277 Removing a node....278 Playing with Animation....279 Chapter 4 Reacting to Events with JavaScript and jQuery....281 Understanding Events....281 Event-driven programming....282 Watching the mouse....282 Listening for keystrokes....283 Paying attention to the page itself....284 Focusing on JavaScript and Events....285 Saying hello and goodbye....285 Listening for mouse events....287 Listening for keystrokes....291 Event listeners....293 Looking at jQuery and Events....294 jQuery event functions....294 The jQuery event handler....298 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting JavaScript Programs....301 Identifying Errors....301 Working with Browser Developer Tools....303 The DOM Explorer....304 The Console....305 The Debugger....308 Working Around Errors....313 Part 4 PHP....319 Chapter 1 Understanding PHP Basics....321 Seeing the Benefits of PHP....321 A centralized programming language....322 Centralized data management....322 Understanding How to Use PHP....323 Embedding PHP code....323 Identifying PHP pages....324 Displaying output....325 Handling new-line characters....327 Working with PHP Variables....328 Declaring variables....329 Seeing which data types PHP supports....330 Grouping data values with array variables....333 Using PHP Operators....335 Arithmetic operators....335 Arithmetic shortcuts....336 Boolean operators....337 String operators....338 Including Files....338 The include() function....338 The require() function....341 Chapter 2 PHP Flow Control....343 Using Logic Control....343 The if statement....344 The else statement....346 The elseif statement....346 The switch statement....348 Looping....349 The while family....349 The for statement....351 The foreach statement....352 Building Your Own Functions....354 Working with Event-Driven PHP....357 Working with links....357 Processing form data....361 Chapter 3 PHP Libraries....367 How PHP Uses Libraries....367 Exploring PHP extensions....368 Examining the PHP extensions....369 Including extensions....371 Adding additional extensions....372 Text Functions....372 Altering string values....372 Splitting strings....374 Testing string values....377 Searching strings....378 Math Functions....379 Number theory....379 Calculating logs and exponents....380 Working the angles....381 Hyperbolic functions....382 Tracking statistics....382 Date and Time Functions....383 Generating dates....383 Using timestamps....385 Calculating dates....386 Image-Handling Functions....387 Chapter 4 Considering PHP Security....393 Exploring PHP Vulnerabilities....393 Cross-site scripting....394 Data spoofing....397 Invalid data....398 Unauthorized file access....400 PHP Vulnerability Solutions....402 Sanitizing data....402 Validating data....407 Chapter 5 Object-Oriented PHP Programming....413 Understanding the Basics of Object-Oriented Programming....413 Defining a class....414 Creating an object instance....415 Using Magic Class Methods....419 Defining mutator magic methods....419 Defining accessor magic methods....421 The constructor....424 The destructor....425 Copying objects....426 Displaying objects....426 Loading Classes....427 Extending Classes....432 Chapter 6 Sessions and Carts....437 Storing Persistent Data....437 The purpose of HTTP cookies....438 Types of cookies....439 The anatomy of a cookie....440 Cookie rules....442 PHP and Cookies....442 Setting cookies....442 Reading cookies....444 Modifying and deleting cookies....446 PHP and Sessions....448 Starting a session....449 Storing and retrieving session data....449 Removing session data....453 Shopping Carts....454 Creating a cart....454 Placing items in the cart....455 Retrieving items from a cart....455 Removing items from a cart....456 Putting it all together....456 Part 5 MySQL....461 Chapter 1 Introducing MySQL....463 Seeing the Purpose of a Database....463 How databases work....464 Relational databases....467 Database data types....469 Data constraints....469 Structured Query Language....470 Presenting MySQL....472 MySQL features....472 Storage engines....474 Data permissions....475 Advanced MySQL Features....476 Handling transactions....476 Making sure your database is ACID compliant....477 Examining the views....479 Working with stored procedures....480 Pulling triggers....481 Working with blobs....481 Chapter 2 Administering MySQL....483 MySQL Administration Tools....483 Working from the command line....484 Using MySQL Workbench....488 Using the phpMyAdmin tool....493 Managing User Accounts....495 Creating a user account....495 Managing user privileges....499 Chapter 3 Designing and Building a Database....507 Managing Your Data....507 The first normal form....508 The second normal form....509 The third normal form....509 Creating Databases....510 Using the MySQL command line....510 Using MySQL Workbench....513 Using phpMyAdmin....515 Building Tables....518 Working with tables using the command-line interface....518 Working with tables using Workbench....523 Working with tables in phpMyAdmin....526 Chapter 4 Using the Database....531 Working with Data....531 The MySQL command-line interface....532 The MySQL Workbench tool....537 The phpMyAdmin tool....540 Searching for Data....542 The basic SELECT format....543 More advanced queries....545 Playing It Safe with Data....549 Performing data backups....550 Restoring your data....556 Chapter 5 Communicating with the Database from PHP Scripts....559 Database Support in PHP....559 Using the mysqli Library....561 Connecting to the database....562 Closing the connection....563 Submitting queries....564 Retrieving data....565 Being prepared....567 Checking for errors....569 Miscellaneous functions....571 Putting It All Together....572 Part 6 Creating Object-Oriented Programs....579 Chapter 1 Designing an Object-Oriented Application....581 Determining Application Requirements....581 Creating the Application Database....583 Designing the database....583 Creating the database....586 Designing the Application Objects....589 Designing objects....589 Coding the objects in PHP....591 Designing the Application Layout....597 Designing web page layout....598 The AuctionHelper page layout....599 Coding the Website Layout....600 Creating the web page template....600 Creating the support files....605 Chapter 2 Implementing an Object-Oriented Application....611 Working with Events....611 Bidder Object Events....613 Listing bidders....613 Adding a new bidder....621 Searching for a bidder....623 Item Object Events....623 Listing items....624 Adding a new item....629 Searching for an item....632 Logging Out of a Web Application....632 Testing Web Applications....634 Chapter 3 Using AJAX....637 Getting to Know AJAX....637 Communicating Using JavaScript....639 Considering XMLHttpRequest class methods....640 Focusing on XMLHttpRequest class properties....641 Trying out AJAX....643 Using the jQuery AJAX Library....647 The jQuery $.ajax() function....647 The jQuery $.get() function....651 Transferring Data in AJAX....653 Looking at the XML standard....653 Using XML in PHP....654 Using XML in JavaScript....658 Modifying the AuctionHelper Application....661 Chapter 4 Extending WordPress....669 Getting Acquainted with WordPress....669 What WordPress can do for you....670 How to run WordPress....671 Parts of a WordPress website....672 Installing WordPress....673 Downloading the WordPress software....673 Creating the database objects....674 Configuring WordPress....676 Examining the Dashboard....680 Using WordPress....682 Exploring the World of Plugins....687 WordPress APIs....688 Working with plugins and widgets....689 Creating Your Own Widget....692 Coding the widget....692 Activating the widget plugin....694 Adding the widget....695 Part 7 Using PHP Frameworks....699 Chapter 1 The MVC Method....701 Getting Acquainted with MVC....701 Exploring the MVC method....702 Digging into the MVC components....704 Communicating in MVC....708 Comparing MVC to Other Web Models....709 The MVP method....710 The MVVM method....710 Seeing How MVC Fits into N-Tier Theory....711 Implementing MVC....712 Chapter 2 Selecting a Framework....713 Getting to Know PHP Frameworks....713 Convention over configuration....714 Scaffolding....716 Routing....717 Helper methods....718 Form validation....718 Support for mobile devices....718 Templates....719 Unit testing....719 Knowing Why You Should Use a Framework....720 Focusing on Popular PHP Frameworks....722 CakePHP....722 CodeIgniter....723 Laravel....725 Symfony....726 Zend Framework....727 Looking At Micro Frameworks....728 Lumen....728 Slim....729 Yii....731 Chapter 3 Creating an Application Using Frameworks....733 Building the Template....733 Initializing the application....734 Exploring the files and folders....736 Defining the database environment....737 Creating an Application Scaffold....739 Installing the scaffolding....739 Exploring the scaffolding code....742 Modifying the Application Scaffold....743 Adding a new feature link....744 Creating the controller code....746 Modifying the model code....748 Painting a view....749 Index....753 EULA....795