OCP Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 17 Developer (Exam 1Z0-829). Programmer's Guide. Volume l

Cover....1 Half Title....2 Title Page....4 Copyright Page....5 Contents Overview....10 Contents....12 Figures....22 Tables....26 Examples....30 Foreword....38 Preface....40 Writing This Book....40 About This Book....41 Using This Book....42 Book Website....44 Request for Feedback....44 About the Authors....45 Acknowledgments....45 1 Basics of Java Programming....48 1.1 The Java Ecosystem....49 1.2 Classes....52 1.3 Objects....55 1.4 Instance Members....56 1.5 Static Members....57 1.6 Inheritance....60 1.7 Aggregation....63 Review Questions....64 1.8 Sample Java Program....66 1.9 Program Output....71 Review Questions....73 2 Basic Elements, Primitive Data Types, and Operators....76 2.1 Basic Language Elements....77 2.2 Primitive Data Types....88 2.3 Conversions....90 2.4 Type Conversion Contexts....93 2.5 Precedence and Associativity Rules for Operators....97 2.6 Evaluation Order of Operands....99 2.7 The Simple Assignment Operator =....101 2.8 Arithmetic Operators: *, /, %, +, -....105 2.9 The Binary String Concatenation Operator +....114 2.10 Variable Increment and Decrement Operators: ++, --....116 Review Questions....118 2.11 Boolean Expressions....121 2.12 Relational Operators: <, <=, >, >=....121 2.13 Equality....122 2.14 Boolean Logical Operators: !, ^, &, |....125 2.15 Conditional Operators: &&, ||....127 2.16 Integer Bitwise Operators: ~, &, |, ^....129 2.17 Shift Operators: <<, >>, >>>....133 2.18 The Conditional Operator ?:....137 2.19 Other Operators: new, [], instanceof, ->....139 Review Questions....140 3 Declarations....144 3.1 Class Declarations....146 3.2 Method Declarations....147 3.3 Statements....148 3.4 Variable Declarations....149 3.5 Instance Methods and the Object Reference this....153 3.6 Method Overloading....155 3.7 Constructors....156 3.8 Static Member Declarations....159 Review Questions....162 3.9 Arrays....164 3.10 Parameter Passing....174 3.11 Variable Arity Methods....183 3.12 The main() Method....188 3.13 Local Variable Type Inference....189 Review Questions....194 4 Control Flow....198 4.1 Selection Statements....199 4.2 The switch Statement....202 4.3 The switch Expression....211 Review Questions....217 4.4 Iteration Statements....219 4.5 The while Statement....219 4.6 The do-while Statement....220 4.7 The for(;;) Statement....221 4.8 The for(:) Statement....223 4.9 Transfer Statements....226 4.10 Labeled Statements....226 4.11 The break Statement....227 4.12 The continue Statement....229 4.13 The return Statement....231 Review Questions....232 5 Object-Oriented Programming....236 5.1 Implementing Inheritance....238 5.2 The Object Reference super....253 5.3 Chaining Constructors Using this() and super()....256 Review Questions....262 5.4 Abstract Classes and Methods....265 5.5 Final Declarations....272 Review Questions....281 5.6 Interfaces....284 Review Questions....304 5.7 Arrays and Subtyping....306 5.8 Reference Values and Conversions....308 5.9 Reference Value Assignment Conversions....308 5.10 Method Invocation Conversions Involving References....312 5.11 Reference Casting and the instanceof Operator....316 5.12 Polymorphism....325 Review Questions....330 5.13 Enum Types....334 5.14 Record Classes....346 5.15 Sealed Classes and Interfaces....358 Review Questions....365 6 Access Control....370 6.1 Design Principle: Encapsulation....371 6.2 Java Source File Structure....372 6.3 Packages....373 6.4 Searching for Classes on the Class Path....384 Review Questions....388 6.5 Access Modifiers....392 6.6 Scope Rules....399 6.7 Implementing Immutability....403 Review Questions....407 7 Exception Handling....410 7.1 Stack-Based Execution and Exception Propagation....412 7.2 Exception Types....415 7.3 Exception Handling: try, catch, and finally....422 7.4 The throw Statement....433 7.5 The throws Clause....435 Review Questions....439 7.6 The Multi-catch Clause....444 7.7 The try-with-resources Statement....454 7.8 Advantages of Exception Handling....463 Review Questions....464 8 Selected API Classes....470 8.1 Overview of the java.lang Package....472 8.2 The Object Class....472 8.3 The Wrapper Classes....476 Review Questions....485 8.4 The String Class....486 8.5 The StringBuilder Class....511 Review Questions....518 8.6 The Math Class....525 8.7 The Random Class....529 8.8 Using Big Numbers....531 Review Questions....534 9 Nested Type Declarations....536 9.1 Overview of Nested Type Declarations....538 9.2 Static Member Types....542 9.3 Non-Static Member Classes....548 Review Questions....557 9.4 Local Classes....559 9.5 Static Local Types....566 9.6 Anonymous Classes....568 Review Questions....574 10 Object Lifetime....578 10.1 Garbage Collection....580 10.2 Reachable Objects....580 10.3 Facilitating Garbage Collection....583 10.4 Invoking Garbage Collection Programmatically....584 Review Questions....585 10.5 Initializers....587 10.6 Field Initializer Expressions....587 10.7 Static Initializer Blocks....592 10.8 Instance Initializer Blocks....598 10.9 Constructing Initial Object State....602 Review Questions....605 11 Generics....610 11.1 Introducing Generics....612 11.2 Generic Types and Parameterized Types....614 11.3 Collections and Generics....625 11.4 Wildcards....626 11.5 Using References of Wildcard Parameterized Types....631 11.6 Bounded Type Parameters....638 11.7 Generic Methods and Constructors....640 11.8 Implementing a Simplified Generic Stack....645 Review Questions....647 11.9 Wildcard Capture....651 11.10 Flexibility with Wildcard Parameterized Types....654 11.11 Type Erasure....660 11.12 Implications for Overloading and Overriding....662 11.13 Limitations and Restrictions on Generic Types....670 Review Questions....683 12 Collections, Part I: ArrayList....690 12.1 Lists....691 12.2 Declaring References and Constructing ArrayLists....693 12.3 Modifying an ArrayList....698 12.4 Querying an ArrayList....702 12.5 Iterating Over an ArrayList....704 12.6 Converting an ArrayList to an Array....705 12.7 Creating List Views....706 12.8 Arrays versus ArrayLists....709 Review Questions....714 13 Functional-Style Programming....720 13.1 Functional Interfaces....722 13.2 Lambda Expressions....726 13.3 Lambda Expressions and Anonymous Classes....735 Review Questions....740 13.4 Overview of Built-In Functional Interfaces....742 13.5 Suppliers....746 13.6 Predicates....750 13.7 Consumers....756 13.8 Functions....759 13.9 Two-Arity Specialization of Function: BiFunction....764 13.10 Extending Function: UnaryOperator....767 13.11 Extending BiFunction: BinaryOperator....768 13.12 Currying Functions....770 13.13 Method and Constructor References....771 13.14 Contexts for Defining Lambda Expressions....780 Review Questions....782 14 Object Comparison....788 14.1 The Objects Class....790 14.2 Implementing the equals() Method....791 14.3 Implementing the hashCode() Method....800 14.4 Implementing the java.lang.Comparable Interface....808 14.5 Implementing the java.util.Comparator Interface....816 Review Questions....821 15 Collections: Part II....828 15.1 The Java Collections Framework....830 15.2 Collections....837 15.3 Lists....848 15.4 Sets....851 15.5 Sorted Sets and Navigable Sets....857 15.6 Queues....861 15.7 Deques....868 Review Questions....873 15.8 Maps....877 15.9 Map Implementations....887 15.10 Sorted Maps and Navigable Maps....892 Review Questions....898 15.11 The Collections Class....903 15.12 The Arrays Class....911 Review Questions....921 16 Streams....927 16.1 Introduction to Streams....929 16.2 Running Example: The CD Record Class....930 16.3 Stream Basics....932 16.4 Building Streams....938 16.5 Intermediate Stream Operations....953 16.6 The Optional Class....988 16.7 Terminal Stream Operations....994 16.8 Collectors....1026 16.9 Parallel Streams....1057 Review Questions....1064 17 Date and Time....1071 17.1 Date and Time API Overview....1072 17.2 Working with Dates and Times....1075 17.3 Using Temporal Units and Temporal Fields....1092 17.4 Working with Instants....1097 17.5 Working with Periods....1105 17.6 Working with Durations....1112 17.7 Working with Time Zones and Daylight Savings....1120 17.8 Converting Date and Time Values to Legacy Date....1136 Review Questions....1137 18 Localization....1143 18.1 Using Locales....1144 18.2 Properties Files....1148 18.3 Bundling Resources....1150 Review Questions....1160 18.4 Core API for Formatting and Parsing of Values....1163 18.5 Formatting and Parsing Number, Currency, and Percentage Values....1164 18.6 Formatting and Parsing Date and Time....1175 18.7 Formatting and Parsing Messages....1187 Review Questions....1201 19 Java Module System....1209 19.1 Making the Case for Modules....1211 19.2 The Modular JDK....1212 19.3 Module Basics....1216 19.4 Overview of Module Directives....1225 19.5 Creating a Modular Application....1227 19.6 Compiling and Running a Modular Application....1234 19.7 Creating JAR Files....1237 19.8 Open Modules and the opens Directive....1239 19.9 Services....1244 19.10 Creating Runtime Images....1252 19.11 Categories of Modules....1253 19.12 Migrating to Modules....1257 19.13 Exploring Modules....1259 19.14 Summary of Selected Operations with the JDK Tools....1266 Review Questions....1271 20 Java I/O: Part I....1279 20.1 Input and Output....1281 20.2 Byte Streams: Input Streams and Output Streams....1282 20.3 Character Streams: Readers and Writers....1289 20.4 The Console Class....1304 Review Questions....1307 20.5 Object Serialization....1309 Review Questions....1325 21 Java I/O: Part II....1333 21.1 Characteristics of a Hierarchical File System....1335 21.2 Creating Path Objects....1337 21.3 Working with Path Objects....1342 21.4 Operations on Directory Entries....1352 21.5 Reading and Writing Files Using Paths....1362 21.6 Managing File Attributes....1369 21.7 Creating Directory Entries....1387 21.8 Stream Operations on Directory Entries....1393 Review Questions....1403 22 Concurrency: Part I....1413 22.1 Threads and Concurrency....1415 22.2 Runtime Organization for Thread Execution....1417 22.3 Creating Threads....1418 Review Questions....1426 22.4 Thread Lifecycle....1428 22.5 Thread Issues....1456 Review Questions....1463 23 Concurrency: Part II....1467 23.1 Utility Classes TimeUnit and ThreadLocalRandom....1469 23.2 The Executor Framework....1471 23.3 The Fork/Join Framework....1495 23.4 Writing Thread-Safe Code....1499 23.5 Special-Purpose Synchronizers....1518 23.6 Synchronized Collections and Maps....1525 23.7 Concurrent Collections and Maps....1530 Review Questions....1552 24 Database Connectivity....1559 24.1 Introduction to Relational Databases....1560 24.2 Introduction to JDBC....1565 24.3 Establishing a Database Connection....1567 24.4 Creating and Executing SQL Statements....1570 24.5 Processing Query Results....1581 24.6 Customizing Result Sets....1587 24.7 Discovering Database and ResultSet Metadata....1591 24.8 Implementing Transaction Control....1593 Review Questions....1596 25 Annotations....1603 25.1 Basics of Annotations....1605 25.2 Declaring Annotation Types....1606 25.3 Applying Annotations....1611 25.4 Meta-Annotations....1615 25.5 Selected Standard Annotations....1625 25.6 Processing Annotations....1635 Review Questions....1641 26 Secure Coding....1647 26.1 Application Security Overview....1648 26.2 Security Threat Categories....1650 26.3 Java Security Policies....1656 26.4 Additional Security Guidelines....1658 Review Questions....1659 A Taking the Java SE 17 and Java SE 11 Developer Exams....1663 A.1 Preparing for the Exam....1663 A.2 Registering for the Online Proctored Exam....1664 A.3 How the Online Proctored Exam Is Conducted....1666 A.4 The Questions....1667 B Exam Topics: Java SE 17 Developer....1671 C Exam Topics: Java SE 11 Developer....1677 D Annotated Answers to Review Questions....1683 E Mock Exam: Java SE 17 Developer....1757 F Annotated Answers to Mock Exam....1785 G Java Logging API Overview....1795 G.1 Purpose of the Logging API....1795 G.2 Configuring Logging....1796 G.3 Writing Log Messages....1797 G.4 Applying Guarded Logging....1799 G.5 Summary....1799 Index....1801 A....1802 B....1805 C....1807 D....1812 E....1815 F....1817 G....1819 H....1819 I....1820 J....1823 K....1824 L....1825 M....1827 N....1830 O....1832 P....1834 Q....1837 R....1838 S....1840 T....1846 U....1849 V....1850 W....1851 X....1851 Y....1851 Z....1851