Efficient Node.js: A Beyond-the-Basics Guide

Preface vii1. Node Fundamentals....1Introducing Node....1The JavaScript Language....3Executing Node Code....4Using Built-In Modules....7Using Packages....10ES Modules....15Asynchronous Operations....19The Non-Blocking Model....21Node Built-In Modules....28Node Packages....30Arguments Against Node....31Summary....322. Scripts and Modules....35Node CLI....35Options and Arguments....36Environment Variables....40REPL Mode....43Node Modules....49Resolving Modules....49Loading Modules....50Scoping Modules....51Executing Modules....53Caching Modules....57Summary....583. Asynchrony and Events....59Sync Versus Async Handling....59Handler Functions....63Promises....65async/await....67An Analogy for Promises....69The Event Loop....72Event Emitters....74Asynchrony....76Errors....78Examples....79Summary....814. Errors and Debugging....83Throwing and Catching Errors....83Types of Errors....85Standard Errors....85System Errors....87Custom Errors....89Layered Error Management....91Debugging in Node....94Preventive Measures....96Code Quality Tools....96Immutable Objects....96Testing....97Code Reviews....97Summary....975. Package Management....99Introducing Package Management....99The npm Command....102Semantic Versioning....108Updating and Removing Packages....109Creating and Publishing Packages....113npm Run Scripts....115The npx Command....117Summary....1196. Streams....121Introducing Streams....121Using Streams....123Fundamentals of Streams....126The pipeline Method....127Stream Events....129Paused and Flowing Modes....130Implementing Streams....131Writable Streams....131Readable Streams....132Duplex/Transform Streams....135Async Generators and Iterators....137Streams Object Mode....139Built-In Transform Streams....141Summary....1427. Child Processes....143Introducing Child Processes....143The spawn Function....144Shell Syntax and the exec Function....147The execFile Function....150The fork Function....150Summary....1538. Testing Node....155Assertions and Runners....155Types of Tests....160Unit Tests....161Functional Tests....161Integration Tests....162End-to-End Tests....162Test Doubles....163Organizing and Filtering Tests....169Test-Driven Development....170Continuous Integration....171Summary....1729. Scaling Node....175Strategies of Scalability....175The Cluster Module....176Primary and Worker Processes....178Broadcasting Messages....182Increasing Availability....185Zero-Downtime Restarts....187Table of Contents | vHandling State....191Process Managers....192Summary....19310. Practical Node....195Code Quality Tools....195Prettier....197ESLint....198Other Tools....199Module Bundlers....200Task Runners....203Frameworks....205JavaScript Transpilers....209TypeScript....210Summary....216Index....217